Advanced Amino Acid Formula
PRODUCT DISCUSSION
This unique formula includes highly bioavailable amino acids, which are used to
manufacture structural proteins in the body. Amino acids have numerous other
functions, including hormone, enzyme and neurotransmitter synthesis,
participating in the formation of immune and intestinal cells, providing
structure for the cell's genetic material, and promoting cellular energy
production.*
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Amino acids link together to form over 50,000 different proteins and 20,000
enzymes. The body makes these proteins by breaking down bulk protein from the
food we eat into various amino acids and arranging them into thousands of
different protein combinations that power the body's various activities.
Inadequate availability of amino acids may compromise nitrogen balance, leading
to the catabolism, or breakdown, of existing protein-containing structures, such
as muscle.*
There are twenty amino acids used by the body to synthesize proteins. Each type of protein is composed of a different combination of amino acids - each tailored for a specific need.*
Amino acids are classified as "non-essential", "essential" or "conditionally essential". The body can manufacture non-essential amino acids, while essential amino acids must be obtained through dietary sources since they cannot be endogenously synthesized. Other amino acids are considered conditionally essential because under certain physiological conditions they are not able to be produced in the body de novo and must be acquired from the diet.*
Proteins form the basis of many of the body's structural components. Myosin and actin are contractile proteins found in skeletal muscle, while collagen, elastin and keratin are fibrous proteins that compose tendons, ligaments, skin, hair and nails.*
Many hormones are also synthesized from amino acids. Insulin and glucagon are amino acid-derived hormones responsible for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, with their secretion triggered in response to circulating levels of certain amino acids and carbohydrates. Thyroid hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone and growth hormone are other examples of peptide hormones synthesized from amino acids.*
The synthesis of many neurotransmitters and enzymes is dependent upon amino acid availability. The amino acid tyrosine is the precursor of the catecholamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, which play numerous roles including regulating the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Other amino acids - including glycine and aspartate (the anion of aspartic acid) - also function as neurotransmitters. In addition, amino acids are required for the manufacture of the enzymes that catalyze the body's metabolic processes.*
Amino acids are also necessary in the formation of small intestine cells (enterocytes) as well as those of the immune system. For example, glutamine serves as the primary source of fuel for enterocytes, and glutamine levels can affect cellular health. Other amino acids, such as methionine and cysteine, are also suggested to be integral to the formation and preservation of enterocytes. The cells of the immune system are supported by amino acids, with arginine and cysteine promoting T-cell development and glutamine serving as an energy source for lymphocytes and macrophages. In addition, immunoglobins (Ig) and antibodies (Ab) are immunoproteins synthesized from amino acids.*
Amino acids also are involved in energy production. Many amino acids are considered "glucogenic", as their carbon skeletons can be converted to pyruvate or 4- or 5-carbon intermediates of the Krebs Cycle, leading to a net production of glucose via gluconeogenesis. Alternatively, "ketogenic" amino acids are converted to acetyl coA, which can be transformed into energy, through its ability to participate in the Krebs Cycle.*
The sulfhydryl amino acids, methionine and cysteine, are primary contributors of sulfur and methyl groups. These compounds play an integral role in methylation, a metabolic process that fulfills many important roles including promoting cellular integrity and providing structure for the cell's genetic material.*
Vitamin B-6 is converted in the liver to pyridoxal-5-phosphate, a coenzyme involved in amino acid metabolism. Its various functions and mechanisms of action include transamination, decarboxylation, transulfhydration, desulfhydration and racemization.*
INDICATIONS
For clients whose diets may not provide them with adequate levels of amino
acids, including those following calorie restricted or vegetarian diets,
AminoLogic® provides a broad range of bioavailable proteinogenic amino acids.
Aging and medication may also cause a reduction in the availability of amino
acids in the body.*
HOW CLIENTS MAY BENEFIT
- Provides a functional array of amino acids for maintaining good health*
- Furnishes all of the essential and conditionally essential amino acids that the body cannot make itself*
- Free form amino acids are readily absorbed and require minimal digestion compared to dietary protein*
- Amino acid formulation free of yeast, wheat, milk or milk derivatives, lactose, sugar, preservatives, soy, artificial color, artificial flavor, sodium (less than 5 mg per serving)
- Provides vitamin B-6, a necessary cofactor for amino acid metabolism*
SUMMARY
AminoLogic® is designed to provide a balanced spectrum of amino acids that
complement each other and are readily absorbed in the body. Many of these amino
acids cannot be synthesized endogenously and must be acquired through dietary
means. Amino acids have numerous roles supporting the structure and function of
the body including: promoting cellular energy production; the synthesis of
structural proteins, hormones, enzymes and neurotransmitters; and the formation
of immune and intestinal cells. Additionally, sulfhydryl amino acids support
methylation, a metabolic process which promotes cellular integrity and provides
structure for the cell's genetic material.*
SUGGESTED DOSAGE
For adults, take three (3) capsules daily, or follow the advice of your health
care professional. As a reminder, discuss the supplements and medications you
take with your health care providers.
REFERENCES
Barbul A, Dawson H. Arginine and immunity. In: Forse RA, ed. Diet, Nutrition,
and Immunity. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL, 1994.
Dudrick PS, Alverdy JC, Souba WW. Glutamine and the immune system. In: Forse RA, ed. Diet, Nutrition, and Immunity. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL, 1994.
Grof JL, Gropper SS, Hunt SM. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, Second Edition. West Publishing Company. New York, NY, 1995.
Gundersen RY, Vaagenes P, Breivik T, Fonnum F, Opstad PK. Glycine - an important neurotransmitter and cytoprotective agent. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005 Sep;49(8):1108-16.
Hansen CM, Leklem JE, Miller LT. Vitamin B-6 status of women with a constant intake of vitamin B-6 changes with three levels of dietary protein. J Nutr. 1996;126(7):1891-1901.
Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). National Academy Press. Washington, DC, 2002. AminoLogic®
Kinscherf R, Fischbach T, Mihm S, Roth S, Hohenhaus-Sievert E, Weiss C, et al. Effect of glutathione depletion and oral N-acetyl cysteine treatment on CD4+ and CD8+ cells. FASEB J 1994;8(6):448-451.
Lemon PW. Is increased dietary protein necessary or beneficial for individuals with a physically active lifestyle? Nutr Rev. 1996 Apr;54(4 Pt 2):S169-75.
Lu SC. S-Adenosylmethionine. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2000 Apr;32(4):391-5.
Papaconstantinou HT, Hwang KO, Rajaraman S, Hellmich MR, Townsend CM Jr, Ko TC. Glutamine deprivation induces apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells. Surgery. 1998 Aug;124(2):152-9; discussion 159-60.
Reinstein DK, Lehnert H, Wurtman RJ. Dietary tyrosine suppresses the rise in plasma corticosterone following acute stress in rats. Life Sci. 1985 Dec 9;37(23):2157-63.
van der Hulst RR, von Meyenfeldt MF, Soeters PB. Glutamine: an essential amino acid for the gut. Nutrition. 1996 Nov-Dec;12(11-12 Suppl):S78-81.
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